BackgroundIn 2016, Health Promoting Schools (HPS) under the Fiji School Health Policy was launched as a joint program by the Ministry of Health and Medical Services and the Ministry of Education of Fiji. This is a ‘whole of school’ approach to improving health and wellbeing of Fiji’s children and youth by incorporating into the school curriculum resources to improve awareness and competency in promoting healthy behaviours. It has three key areas of focus: 1) diet and physical activity; 2) water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH); and 3) mental health and wellbeing. In this initial phase of implementation, with support from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Korean International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), HPS was delivered in 285 primary (ages 6-14 years, grades 1-8) and secondary schools (ages 14-18 years, grades 9-12).There has been limited evaluation of the HPS program with important issues as yet answered: how the HPS program is being used across the participating schools, whether the program

Background Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) affects up to 1 in 2 patients treated in the ICU, and is associated with poorer survival, reductions in long term kidney function and greater cost of treatment. There are no treatments proven to reduce these impacts of AKI but there is a growing evidence base suggesting that inhibitors of the sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT-2 inhibitors) in the kidney tubule may protect against AKI. SGLT-2 inhibitors were originally developed as a treatment for type 2 diabetes but have been proven in recent clinical trials to significantly improve outcomes for patients with heart disease and/or kidney impairment - with fewer patients progressing to dialysis, needing hospital care or dying. Later examination of these trials has also shown lower rates of AKI in participants receiving SGLT-2 treatment but, as these results were not the main outcome of the studies, these findings are not enough to change patient treatment. Aim To conduct a prospective, multi-centre, parall

Background Knee replacement improves the quality of life for those suffering from disabling knee osteoarthritis. Physiotherapy is an important component of the rehabilitation phase following surgery for restoring function and improving quality of life. However, poor adherence to physical therapy due to various socio-environmental and patient-related factors delays recovery. A lack of mechanism for the continuum of care following discharge to home leads to sub-optimal outcomes, chronic knee pain and patient dissatisfaction in some proportions of individuals. Evidence suggests that home-based physical rehabilitation with a monitoring mechanism is as good as and cost-effective compared to clinic-based rehabilitation. In India, unsupervised home-based rehabilitation is the usual care, leading to a considerable amount of out-of-pocket expenditure to seek physiotherapist support at home. Hence, keeping the local requirements and literacy level in mind, a customised and context-specific rehabilitation monitori

Background Women who have survived violence experience negative consequences on their sexual and reproductive health, unsafe abortions, sexually transmitted infections, traumatic fistulas, and are twice as likely to be diagnosed with cervical cancer. They also experience anxiety, depression, and alcohol use disorders. Rates of violence against women and gender based discrimination continue to remain high despite legislative action by governments. With COVID-19 pandemic, the situation has become alarming demanding ever more serious action in protecting the rights of women and addressing Gender Based Violence (GBV) and discrimination across the globe. The United Nations (UN) Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) has been considered as an important instrument towards encouraging governments to take action towards protecting the rights of women and addressing gender based discrimination through legal reforms. It has been 40 years since the United Nations (UN) Con

BackgroundSGLT2 inhibitors are a relatively new class of agents, originally developed as oral antihyperglycemic drugs. SGLT2 inhibitors are clinically available since 2012 for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Later, SGLT2 inhibitors appeared to also have specific reno- and cardioprotective effects. Notably, the trials that have been performed thus far have excluded patients with an eGFR below 25 mL/min/1.73m2 at inclusion, prevalent dialysis patients, and kidney transplant recipients. These patients are at greater risk of developing kidney failure requiring dialysis, cardiovascular complications and mortality, however currently there are only a few proven effective therapies for these conditions. There is emerging evidence from experimental studies and post hoc-analyses of randomised clinical trials that SGLT2 inhibitors may also be effective in preventing cardiovascular and mortality outcomes in patients with severe CKD, including patients receiving dialysis or living with a