India is suffering from a double-burden of diet-related ill health. This is due to the joint effects of nutritional deficiencies and the over-supply of adverse dietary components such as harmful fats, salt, added sugars and energy. There has been a significant national effort to address micronutrient deficiency disorders in India with strong evidence of success - since 1990 it is estimated that the burden attributable to these conditions has fallen by almost two thirds although millions continue to be affected every year.  Health problems caused by excess consumption of adverse dietary components has over the same time risen by about 80%. An integrated program that addresses both the under- and over-supply of dietary components is now required to address these issues in parallel. The consequences of malnutrition caused by under-consumption of essential foods in India have fallen over the last decade - stunting among children has declined from 48% to 38% and underweight from 43% to 36% though o

Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease, affecting 2.7 million people developing clinical illness after snakebite (envenoming) and leading to 125,000 deaths annually. However, there is a broad consensus, that these numbers are underestimates, as many victims do not attend health facilities. Apart from deaths, snakebite envenomation also causes long-term health effects, and have a high social and economic impact in affected rural communities. Recognising the public health impact of snakebite on vulnerable communities the World Health Organisation (WHO) has in 2017 added snakebite to the list of neglected tropical diseases, the only non-communicable disease to be so. About 46,000 deaths from snakebite, occur in India every annually. However, the actions taken are not commensurate to the burden and impact of the disease. The project seeks to examine policies and systems responses to address the burden of snakebite in India. We intend for our findings to contribute to growing efforts in I

The project aims to identify gaps and opportunities in existing transport systems by examining existing policies followed by qualitative interviews with key stakeholders Background: Transportation equity seeks fairness in mobility and accessibility across class, gender and for differently abled people. It enables access to social and economic opportunity through the provision of equal levels of access for all people to all places. As a pressing issue facing transportation policymakers today, the question of transportation equity is also one of the most complicated. Access to reliable and affordable transportation is essential to addressing poverty, unemployment, obesity, and a variety of other social ills. New mobility technologies make change and disruption of the transportation network inevitable, and are an opportunity to build equitable and sustainable transport systems. Policies and interventions need to be designed and implemented with an ‘‘equity lens’’ to ensure that benefits reac

Background Over the last few decades, the Chinese primary healthcare systemhas progressively weakened following economic liberalisation, rapid growth and changing consumer expectations. In 2009, the Chinese Government launched reforms to provide an essential public health service package’ for primary care activities, including hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Uptake of services varies and large quality gaps exist. Aims The overall goal of this five-year project is to strengthen primary health care systems to enhance uptake of the government’s essential public health services package for hypertension and type 2 diabetes in three diverse regions in China. Methods The SAPPHIRE study will be conducted in four phases, aligned with the Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s ‘Framework for Going to Full Scale’. Phase I (Understand): Rapid health system assessment to develop region- specific logic models. Phase II (Design): Develop a “change package” comprising of clin

Background Excess salt in the diet is associated with high blood pressure and increased risks of stroke, heart attack and kidney disease. This leads to serious health problems or premature death in hundreds of thousands of people in China every year. The problems with excess salt in take are particularly marked in China because food tends to be very salty. On average, Chinese people eat two and half times more salt each day than is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Reducing salt in take has been clearly proven to lower blood pressure.Salt reduction is a focus for the Resolve To Save Lives (RTSL) initiative, which is commencing its salt reduction work in China.  Aims The overall goal of this five-year project is to support the implementation of the RTSL salt reduction program in China. Our work will help identify what works, what doesn’t and how to maximise impact on health with the resources available. Specifically, we will work with RTSL, the Chinese Center for