A new report has highlighted the scale of health problems in Australia caused by poor diet and overweight. Obesity is strongly linked to a greater risk of death and disability from COVID-19 and these new data highlight how vulnerable the nation is to a second wave or to future pandemics.

The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD), published today in The Lancet, analysed 286 causes of death, 369 diseases and injuries, and 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories in 2019, before COVID-19 hit.

The report showed that Australia’s five leading causes of death in 2019 were:

• high systolic blood pressure (contributing to an estimated 25,500 deaths),
• dietary risks (21,600 deaths),
• tobacco use (20,100),
• overweight and obesity (18,700), and
• high blood sugar (diabetes) (17,700).

Executive Director of The George Institute Professor Bruce Neal said the findings should serve as a wake-up call for long overdue action to stem the tide of chronic disease in Australia.

“Australians are eating too much processed food high in salt, sugar and harmful fats which is fuelling already high rates of obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes – conditions known to greatly increase the risk of serious complications from COVID-19.”

“We have done far better with COVID-19 than most other countries but many Australians will be at considerably increased risk of a poor outcome if there is a future outbreak.  Addressing obesity and other chronic conditions caused by poor diet is more important than ever before.”

While the study showed that Australians are living longer, it suggested that these additional years may be marred by poor health, most commonly from heart disease.

Australia is one of 11 countries where more than half of all health loss (measured by disability-adjusted life-years or DALYs) is now due to disability caused by non-communicable diseases and injuries.

“We’ve long been calling for greater investment in public health to shift this alarming trajectory but we need to see real action from government and the food industry to improve the quality of the food supply,” said Prof Neal.

“The last decade has been one of missed opportunities and thousands of Australians have died prematurely as a direct consequence of this inaction.  Hundreds of thousands more are now suffering from conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure that could have been avoided if government took action to discourage consumption of unhealthy foods.”

“We look forward to the finalisation and implementation of the National Preventive Health Strategy and the National Obesity Strategy in coming months.”

“The human and financial costs of not addressing these issues are already unacceptably high. In the context of a future pandemic they may be far worse,” he added.

On the eve of World Food Day, an international event marked each year on 16 October since the founding of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, read on to find a round-up of expert comment, researcher profiles, and a major talk from The George Institute for Global Health in line with the theme to ‘Grow, Nourish, Sustain, Together’.

EVENT

Join us tomorrow for the next #GeorgeTalks titled ‘Sensible Policy: Time to #FixFood’ (register here). During this virtual event, renowned American cardiologist, Dr Dariush Mozaffarian, will discuss how our dietary habits are the primary cause of poor health, and the steps we can take to fix food and implement sensible policy, even in the context of a global pandemic. The event will also be recorded – we will share this on Twitter and YouTube shortly afterwards so keep an eye out!

MUST-READ

To celebrate World Food Day, we asked some of our food policy researchers to tell us about their work and outline how it will help millions of people to improve their diets and the way they think about food. With introductory statements such as: ‘law is a powerful tool to improve population diet’ (Dr Alexandra Jones) and ‘not all food environments are created equal’ (Professor Jacqui Webster), this profile piece offers some insight into the breadth of food-related research and policy conducted across the Institute. You can explore the work of our food policy team in more detail here and our Healthier Societies programme here.

THOUGHT LEADERSHIP

‘To solve problems we must connect systems’. This is the title of a blog from The George Institute’s Distinguished Fellow and Director of the Centre for Food Policy at City University of London, Professor Corinna Hawkes. In her commentary, Professor Hawkes highlights how the COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated calls for a ‘global reset’ to respond to – and prepare for future – crises and suggests five steps that can help us realise this. Read it here.

So this World Food Day, please do engage and share – together we can make a difference.

The George Institute for Global Health's Senior Research Associate Dr Jane Hirst - who leads global research into gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm birth and stillbirth - has been awarded a Fellowship of the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Future Leaders.

The 101 fellows, based at UK universities and businesses, will be supported through an investment of £109 million. The Future Leaders Fellowships scheme is designed to establish the careers of world-class research and innovation leaders across the UK.

UKRI's initiative aims to support the creation of a new cohort of research and innovation leaders who will have links across different sectors and disciplines. Awardees will each receive between £400,000 and £1.5 million over an initial four years. The grant supports challenging and novel projects, and the development of the fellow's career. The funding can also be used to support team members, their development, and pay for equipment and other needs. 

Dr Jane Hirst commented:

I am honoured to received this UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship. The Fellowship will support me leading a world-class programme of research that aims to transform care for women after high-risk pregnancy around the world to improve lifelong health and wellbeing. I will be working with partners in India, Australia and the UK testing practical solutions to integrate non-communicable disease prevention into pregnancy and post-partum care worldwide. This work build upon the SMARThealth Pregnancy programme and GDm-Health.

Find our more about Dr Hirst's work here.