@article{17240,
  author = {Grobbee D. and Ninomiya T. and Cass Alan and Travert F. and de Galan Bastiaan and Lisheng L. and Woodward Mark and Zoungas Sophia and Poulter N. and Pillai A. and Marre M. and Glasziou P. and Harrap S. and Hamet P. and Mancia G. and Heller S. and Chalmers J. and Perkovic Vlado and Neal Bruce and Patel Anushka and Macmahon S},
  title = {Combined effects of routine blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: New results from the ADVANCE trial},
  abstract = {<p>
OBJECTIVE: To assess the magnitude and independence of the effects of routine blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control on clinical outcomes in patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a multicenter, factorial randomized trial of perindopril-indapamide versus placebo (double-blind comparison) and intensive glucose control with a gliclazide MR-based regimen (target A1C <or=6.5%) 140="" 2="" 4.3="" action="" all="" an="" and="" annual="" any="" average="" between="" blood="" clinical="" considered="" control="" controlled="" cox="" death="" diabetes="" diamicron="" disease:="" during="" effects="" evaluation="" event="" events="" follow-up="" for="" glucose="" hazards="" in="" intensive="" interaction="" jointly="" lowering="" macrovascular="" major="" microvascular="" models.="" mr="" no="" of="" open="" outcomes="" p="" participants="" participated="" prespecified="" pressure="" preterax="" proportional="" rates="" renal="" results:="" risks="" routine="" standard="" the="" there="" trial.="" type="" using="" vascular="" versus="" was="" were="" who="" with="" years=""> 0.1): the separate effects of the two interventions for the renal outcomes and death appeared to be additive on the log scale. Compared with neither intervention, combination treatment reduced the risk of new or worsening nephropathy by 33% (95% CI 12-50%, P = 0.005), new onset of macroalbuminuria by 54% (35-68%, P &lt; 0.0001), and new onset of microalbuminuria by 26% (17-34%). Combination treatment was associated with an 18% reduction in the risk of all-cause death (1-32%, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The effects of routine blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control were independent of one another. When combined, they produced additional reductions in clinically relevant outcomes.</or=6.5%)>
</p>
},
  year = {2009},
  journal = {Diabetes CareDiabetes Care},
  volume = {32},
  edition = {2009/08/05},
  number = {11},
  pages = {2068-74},
  isbn = {1935-5548 (Electronic)0149-5992 (Linking)},
  note = {Zoungas, Sophiade Galan, Bastiaan ENinomiya, ToshiharuGrobbee, DiederickHamet, PavelHeller, SimonMacMahon, StephenMarre, MichelNeal, BrucePatel, AnushkaWoodward, MarkChalmers, JohnADVANCE Collaborative GroupCass, AlanGlasziou, PaulHarrap, StephenLisheng, LiuMancia, GuiseppePillai, AvineshPoulter, NeilPerkovic, VladoTravert, FlorenceMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled TrialResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited StatesDiabetes careDiabetes Care. 2009 Nov;32(11):2068-74. Epub 2009 Aug 3.},
  language = {eng},
}