TY - JOUR AU - Hu F. AU - Franks P. AU - Rimm E. AU - Ingelsson E. AU - Giles G. AU - Woodward Mark AU - Wu J. AU - van Dam R. AU - Zhou X. AU - Mozaffarian D. AU - Siscovick D. AU - Helmer C. AU - Lemaitre R. AU - Khaw K. AU - Djousse L. AU - Tanaka T. AU - Steffen L. AU - Tsai M. AU - Chiuve S. AU - Guallar E. AU - Del Gobbo L. AU - Imamura F. AU - Aslibekyan S. AU - Marklund M. AU - Virtanen J. AU - Wennberg M. AU - Yakoob M. AU - L. Cruz Dela AU - Frazier-Wood A. AU - Fretts A. AU - Matsumoto C. AU - Prem K. AU - Yuan J. AU - Barberger-Gateau P. AU - Campos H. AU - Chaves P. AU - Gomez-Aracena J. AU - Hodge A. AU - Jansson J. AU - Johansson I. AU - Koh W. AU - Lind L. AU - Luben R. AU - Riserus U. AU - Samieri C. AU - Stampfer M. AU - Steffen B. AU - Voutilainen S. AU - Willett W. AB -

Importance: The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) remains controversial. Most prior longitudinal studies evaluated self-reported consumption rather than biomarkers. Objective: To evaluate biomarkers of seafood-derived eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5omega-3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 22:5omega-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6omega-3) and plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3omega-3) for incident CHD. Data Sources: A global consortium of 19 studies identified by November 2014. Study Selection: Available prospective (cohort, nested case-control) or retrospective studies with circulating or tissue omega-3 biomarkers and ascertained CHD. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Each study conducted standardized, individual-level analysis using harmonized models, exposures, outcomes, and covariates. Findings were centrally pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was examined by age, sex, race, diabetes, statins, aspirin, omega-6 levels, and FADS desaturase genes. Main Outcomes and Measures: Incident total CHD, fatal CHD, and nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI). Results: The 19 studies comprised 16 countries, 45637 unique individuals, and 7973 total CHD, 2781 fatal CHD, and 7157 nonfatal MI events, with omega-3 measures in total plasma, phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and adipose tissue. Median age at baseline was 59 years (range, 18-97 years), and 28 660 (62.8%) were male. In continuous (per 1-SD increase) multivariable-adjusted analyses, the omega-3 biomarkers ALA, DPA, and DHA were associated with a lower risk of fatal CHD, with relative risks (RRs) of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84-0.98) for ALA, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.96) for DPA, and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.84-0.96) for DHA. Although DPA was associated with a lower risk of total CHD (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.99), ALA (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.95-1.05), EPA (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.87-1.02), and DHA (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-1.00) were not. Significant associations with nonfatal MI were not evident. Associations appeared generally stronger in phospholipids and total plasma. Restricted cubic splines did not identify evidence of nonlinearity in dose responses. Conclusions and Relevance: On the basis of available studies of free-living populations globally, biomarker concentrations of seafood and plant-derived omega-3 fatty acids are associated with a modestly lower incidence of fatal CHD.

AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham.
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.
Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts8Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Victoria, Australia.
USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle.
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Division of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan14Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland.
The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis.
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Institut de Sante Publique, d'Epidemiologie et de Developpement, Centre IInstitut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France20University B.
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California21Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania23Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Benjamin Leon Center for Geriatric Research and Education, Florida International University, Miami.
Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts24Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts27Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigh.
Department of Odontology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore30Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore.
Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden24Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts32Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund Un.
The New York Academy of Medicine, New York.
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore24Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts35Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of.
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland17The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia36The George Institute for Global Health, Nuffield Depa.
Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. AN - 27357102 BT - JAMA Intern Med DP - NLM ET - 2016/07/01 LA - Eng LB - AUS
UK
FY16 N1 - Del Gobbo, Liana C
Imamura, Fumiaki
Aslibekyan, Stella
Marklund, Matti
Virtanen, Jyrki K
Wennberg, Maria
Yakoob, Mohammad Y
Chiuve, Stephanie E
Dela Cruz, Luicito
Frazier-Wood, Alexis C
Fretts, Amanda M
Guallar, Eliseo
Matsumoto, Chisa
Prem, Kiesha
Tanaka, Tosh
Wu, Jason H Y
Zhou, Xia
Helmer, Catherine
Ingelsson, Erik
Yuan, Jian-Min
Barberger-Gateau, Pascale
Campos, Hannia
Chaves, Paulo H M
Djousse, Luc
Giles, Graham G
Gomez-Aracena, Jose
Hodge, Allison M
Hu, Frank B
Jansson, Jan-Hakan
Johansson, Ingegerd
Khaw, Kay-Tee
Koh, Woon-Puay
Lemaitre, Rozenn N
Lind, Lars
Luben, Robert N
Rimm, Eric B
Riserus, Ulf
Samieri, Cecilia
Franks, Paul W
Siscovick, David S
Stampfer, Meir
Steffen, Lyn M
Steffen, Brian T
Tsai, Michael Y
van Dam, Rob M
Voutilainen, Sari
Willett, Walter C
Woodward, Mark
Mozaffarian, Dariush
Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCe)
JAMA Intern Med. 2016 Jun 27. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.2925. N2 -

Importance: The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) remains controversial. Most prior longitudinal studies evaluated self-reported consumption rather than biomarkers. Objective: To evaluate biomarkers of seafood-derived eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5omega-3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 22:5omega-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6omega-3) and plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3omega-3) for incident CHD. Data Sources: A global consortium of 19 studies identified by November 2014. Study Selection: Available prospective (cohort, nested case-control) or retrospective studies with circulating or tissue omega-3 biomarkers and ascertained CHD. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Each study conducted standardized, individual-level analysis using harmonized models, exposures, outcomes, and covariates. Findings were centrally pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was examined by age, sex, race, diabetes, statins, aspirin, omega-6 levels, and FADS desaturase genes. Main Outcomes and Measures: Incident total CHD, fatal CHD, and nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI). Results: The 19 studies comprised 16 countries, 45637 unique individuals, and 7973 total CHD, 2781 fatal CHD, and 7157 nonfatal MI events, with omega-3 measures in total plasma, phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and adipose tissue. Median age at baseline was 59 years (range, 18-97 years), and 28 660 (62.8%) were male. In continuous (per 1-SD increase) multivariable-adjusted analyses, the omega-3 biomarkers ALA, DPA, and DHA were associated with a lower risk of fatal CHD, with relative risks (RRs) of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84-0.98) for ALA, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.96) for DPA, and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.84-0.96) for DHA. Although DPA was associated with a lower risk of total CHD (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.99), ALA (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.95-1.05), EPA (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.87-1.02), and DHA (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-1.00) were not. Significant associations with nonfatal MI were not evident. Associations appeared generally stronger in phospholipids and total plasma. Restricted cubic splines did not identify evidence of nonlinearity in dose responses. Conclusions and Relevance: On the basis of available studies of free-living populations globally, biomarker concentrations of seafood and plant-derived omega-3 fatty acids are associated with a modestly lower incidence of fatal CHD.

PY - 2016 SN - 2168-6114 (Electronic)
2168-6106 (Linking) T2 - JAMA Intern Med TI - omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Coronary Heart Disease: Pooling Project of 19 Cohort Studies Y2 - FY16 ER -